From the Ketogenic Diet to the Mediterranean Diet: The Potential Dietary Therapy in Patients with Obesity after CoVID-19 Infection (Post CoVID Syndrome).

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review primarily examines the evidence for areas of consensus and on-going uncertainty or controversy about diet and physical exercise approaches for in the post-CoVID. We propose an ideal dietary and physical activity approach that the patient with obesity should follow after CoVID-19 infection in order to reduce the clinical conditions associated with post-CoVID syndrome. RECENT FINDINGS: The CoVID-19 disease pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, has spread all over the globe, infecting hundreds of millions of individuals and causing millions of death. It is also known to be is associated with several medical and psychological complications, especially in patients with obesity and weight-related disorders who in general pose a significant global public health problem, and in specific affected individuals are on a greater risk of developing poorer CoVID-19 clinical outcomes and experience a higher rate of mortality. Little is still known about the best nutritional approach to be adopted in this disease especially in the patients post-CoVID syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, no specific nutritional recommendations exist to manage in the patients post-CoVID syndrome. We report a presentation of nutritional therapeutic approach based on a ketogenic diet protocol followed by a transition to the Mediterranean diet in patients post-infection by CoVID, combined to a physical activity program to address conditions associated with post-CoVID syndrome.

[Obesity, inflammation and COVID-19: preventive interest of ketogenic diet?] / Obésité, inflammation et COVID-19 : intérêt préventif de l'alimentation cétogène ?

Obesity is considered a pandemic responsible for millions of deaths worldwide for many years. At the end of 2019, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appeared, causing the death of more than a million people in less than a year. Numerous studies suggest that obesity could be defined as key to the onset of severe forms of this emerging disease. Indeed, SARS-CoV2 infects the host by binding to ACE2 receptors present on the surface of the cells and causes excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α, which lead to developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It therefore seems essential to make up effective preventive strategies to protect this part of the population from the risk of developing a severe form of COVID-19. The ketogenic diet, which is low in sugars and high in fat, has interesting properties, both in the fight against obesity but also against severe infections. This article focuses on the latest scientific advances that make it possible to consider the ketogenic diet as a preventive strategy that simultaneously reduces the development of obesity while strengthening the immune system, two key actions in the fight against SARS-CoV2 infections and severe forms of COVID-19.

TITLE: Obésité, inflammation et COVID-19 : intérêt préventif de l'alimentation cétogène ? ABSTRACT: L'obésité est considérée comme une pandémie responsable de plusieurs millions de morts dans le monde depuis de nombreuses années. Fin 2019 est apparue la maladie à Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) qui a provoqué la mort de plus d'un million de personnes en moins d'un an. De nombreuses études suggèrent que l'obésité pourrait être un paramètre clé dans l'apparition des formes graves de cette maladie émergente. En effet, le SARS-CoV2 infecte l'hôte en se fixant aux récepteurs ACE2 présents à la surface des cellules et entraîne une sécrétion excessive de cytokines pro-inflammatoires notamment l'IL-1, l'IL-6 et le TNF-α qui conduisent au développement d'un syndrome de détresse respiratoire aigu (SDRA). Il paraît essentiel d'élaborer des stratégies préventives efficaces pour protéger cette partie de la population du risque de développer une forme grave de COVID-19. L'alimentation cétogène, pauvre en sucres et riche en lipides, présente d'intéressantes propriétés, à la fois pour la lutte contre l'obésité mais également contre les infections sévères. Cet article fait le point sur les dernières avancées scientifiques qui permettent d'envisager l'alimentation cétogène comme une stratégie préventive visant à diminuer le développement de l'obésité et à renforcer le système immunitaire, deux actions clés dans la lutte contre l'infection au SARS-CoV2 et le développement de formes graves de COVID-19.